AC joint injuries are caused when the joint is disrupted by damaged ligaments that hold the two bones of the joint together. This is called a separation of the shoulder.  This type of injury is most common in people who often sustain a fall by landing on the outside of the shoulder, or onto a hand (football players, falling bicyclists, or manual laborers often suffer these injuries.)

AC Joint injuries caused by overuse generally happen over time through repeated excessive stress on the joints. Because of this, protective cartilage can begin to wear down and after an extended time, it may lead to an overuse injury. These injuries often happen in individuals who perform physical tasks that require them to repeatedly do actions that involve stretching arms over the head. This can also lead to arthritis, which is caused by severe wearing of the cartilage. 

The best immediate method of caring for an AC joint injury is to use rest, ice, compression, and elevation. This will help to reduce pain and swelling. Be sure to also wear a sling to help keep the shoulder from moving, and also remove the weight of the arm. Taking anti-inflammatory medicine is also helpful in reducing the pain. To ensure proper healing, it is important to follow through with careful treatment and physical therapy to reduce the chance of a long-term deformity.

Although it’s hard to prevent sudden traumatic AC Joint injuries, it is completely possible to prevent the cases in which an AC joint injury is caused through overuse. It’s critical to remember to never push through the pain, and intuitively listen to what your body is telling you. Be sure to also be conscious of the type of physical activity your work requires, especially overhead lifting that is continuous. Aim to maintain shoulder strength and build motion to be able to perform the tasks you want/need to. If you begin to feel pain, make sure to see your doctor or physical therapist if painful symptoms continue, or worsen. Take care of your body, and it will take care of you!